Think Forward.

Réorganisation chez Renault : menace sociale ou opportunité industrielle pour le Maroc ? 126

L’annonce d’une volonté de réduction drastique du nombre d’ingénieurs au sein de Renault s’inscrit dans une dynamique globale de transformation du secteur automobile mondial. Pressions sur les coûts, transition vers l’électrique, digitalisation des processus industriels : autant de facteurs qui poussent les grands constructeurs à revoir leurs structures internes, notamment dans les métiers de l’ingénierie. Il s'agit tout de même de près de 25% dans le cas de Renault. Si, à ce stade, rien n’indique que les sites marocains notamment ceux de Usine Renault Tanger et de Usine Renault Casablanca (SOMACA), seront concernés, l’hypothèse mérite d’être sérieusement envisagée. Et surtout, elle ouvre un champ de réflexion stratégique. Et si cette éventuelle vague de compétences libérées constituait une opportunité historique pour le Maroc ? Depuis plusieurs années, les grands groupes automobiles réorientent leurs investissements vers des domaines à forte valeur ajoutée tels les logiciels embarqués, l'intelligence artificielle et les batteries électriques. Cette mutation réduit mécaniquement le besoin en ingénieurs généralistes, tout en créant une forte demande pour des profils spécialisés. Une véritable mutation mondiale qui redéfinit l’ingénierie dans cette industrie. Le plan stratégique de Renault, notamment à travers sa filiale électrique Ampere, illustre cette évolution. Il ne s’agit pas simplement de réduire les effectifs, mais de redéployer les compétences. Le Maroc n’est plus seulement un site d’assemblage à bas coût. En deux décennies, le Royaume a construit un écosystème automobile parmi les plus performants du continent africain. D’atelier industriel d'assemblage il est passé à plateforme intégrée avec un taux d’intégration locale supérieur à 60 % dans certains segments, la présence de grands équipementiers mondiaux, des infrastructures logistiques compétitives (Port Tanger Med) outre la formation ciblée via des instituts spécialisés très performants. Des groupes comme Stellantis ou encore Lear Corporation ont renforcé cet écosystème, consolidant la position du Maroc comme hub industriel régional. Si les réductions d’effectifs venaient à toucher le Maroc, elles libéreraient des profils hautement qualifiés tels les ingénieurs process, des spécialistes qualité, des experts en logistique industrielle et des cadres en R&D appliquée. Un véritable vivier d’ingénieurs sera alors sous-exploité. Ce capital humain, formé aux standards internationaux, constitue une ressource stratégique rare. Dans de nombreux pays, une telle concentration de compétences serait immédiatement absorbée par un tissu industriel local dense. Au Maroc, le défi est justement de créer ces débouchés. L’hypothèse d’une marque automobile marocaine s'impose alors avec un point central : pourquoi ne pas transformer cette contrainte en levier d’industrialisation ? Le Maroc dispose aujourd’hui de plusieurs atouts : * Un marché intérieur solvable * La classe moyenne marocaine, bien que sous pression, reste capable de soutenir une demande pour des véhicules abordables, robustes et adaptés aux réalités locales. * Une chaîne d’approvisionnement quasi complète. Faisceaux électriques, sièges, composants plastiques, câblage, la majorité des éléments constituant est déjà produite localement et une légitimité industrielle est déjà acquise. Le “Made in Morocco” automobile n’est plus une abstraction. Dans ce contexte, l’émergence d’une marque nationale, avec des modèles appelés-la symboliquement Taroudante, Fassia ou Itto, ne relève plus de l’utopie. Même si elle pose plusieurs défis structurants limitatifs tel l'accès au financement (capital patient, souverain ou privé), la maîtrise de la propriété intellectuelle, la capacité à développer une plateforme technique compétitive et la stratégie d’exportation. Il y a tout de même le précédent de certains pays émergents à regarder de près. Des pays comparables ont réussi ce pari: Dacia en Roumanie, relancée avec succès (ironie de l’histoire, sous l’impulsion de Renault), Tata Motors en Inde ou encore Proton en Malaisie. Ces exemples montrent qu’une industrie automobile nationale peut émerger à condition d’un alignement clair entre État, capital privé et expertise technique. Une véritable question de volonté politique et industrielle. La vraie question n’est donc pas technique, mais stratégique. Le Maroc souhaite-t-il rester un simple maillon performant dans une chaîne de valeur mondialisée, ou aspire-t-il à devenir un acteur à part entière, capable de concevoir, produire et commercialiser ses propres véhicules ? La réponse implique une politique industrielle volontariste, des incitations à l’innovation, une mobilisation du capital national et surtout, une confiance dans les compétences locales. Il s'agit en fait de transformer une incertitude en projet national ambitieux. Si les restructurations de Renault devaient toucher le Maroc, elles seraient perçues, à juste titre, comme une menace sociale. Mais elles pourraient aussi devenir un moment fondateur. Car derrière chaque ingénieur potentiellement libéré, il y a une brique de souveraineté industrielle. Collées les unes aux autres ces briques peuvent devenir un véritable édifice. Le Maroc dispose aujourd’hui d’un alignement rare : compétences, infrastructures, marché, crédibilité internationale. Ce qui lui manque encore, c’est peut-être l’audace de franchir le dernier pas : passer de l’usine du monde à créateur de marque. Et dans un pays où l’imaginaire collectif est puissant, il n’est pas anodin d’imaginer qu’un jour, posséder une voiture appelée Fassia, hada ou Itto devienne bien plus qu’un acte d’achat mais bien un acte d’adhésion à un projet industriel national marocain.
Aziz Daouda Aziz Daouda

Aziz Daouda

Directeur Technique et du Développement de la Confédération Africaine d'Athlétisme. Passionné du Maroc, passionné d'Afrique. Concerné par ce qui se passe, formulant mon point de vue quand j'en ai un. Humaniste, j'essaye de l'être, humain je veux l'être. Mon histoire est intimement liée à l'athlétisme marocain et mondial. J'ai eu le privilège de participer à la gloire de mon pays .


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Doping: Move Beyond Fiction, Confront the Public Health Issue... 67

It’s tempting to dismiss the recent doping cases in Moroccan football with a wave of the hand, reducing them to individual errors, mishaps, or even injustices. It’s tempting, but dangerous. What’s at stake today goes far beyond a few disciplinary sanctions. Doping, in its contemporary form, is no longer just cheating: it’s a brutal revealer of a deeper dysfunction—an out-of-control sports and health ecosystem, sustained by a comfortable illusion: “football isn’t affected.” For a long time, football has sheltered itself behind a convenient fiction: that of a sport relatively spared from doping, an illusion maintained on a global scale despite well-documented precedents. In Morocco, this fiction persists: every case is treated as an anomaly, never as a signal. That said, what has recently come to light does concern football, but it’s far from the only sport affected. The rise of the Moroccan Anti-Doping Agency (AMAD) and the significant increase in controls have changed the game: what we’re seeing today isn’t necessarily more doping, but more truth. And that truth is unsettling. The narrative of “accidental doping” is increasingly holding up poorly against the facts. The dominant discourse is well-rehearsed: athletes are victims of involuntary doping, from contaminated supplements, poorly prescribed medications, and good-faith errors. This discourse isn’t entirely false. It’s simply incomplete. Because behind “involuntary doping” lies a more troubling reality: a widespread normalization of substance ingestion, in a culture where presumed immediate performance gains take precedence over knowledge, caution, and medical oversight. Yet it’s nearly impossible to prove that ingesting this or that substance enhances sports performance. What is certain and proven, however, are the inevitable health consequences. Anti-doping law is implacable: the athlete is responsible for everything they consume, whether they intended to cheat or not. This principle of strict liability isn’t an injustice, it’s a safeguard. But athletes must first be given the real means to understand what they’re ingesting. Clearly, that’s not the case for a large portion of them today. For elite athletes, controls are there to deter and sanction when necessary. The problem becomes even graver for young people—and not-so-young—who train for themselves, outside the most visible circuits. That’s where supplements represent a new gray area and the heart of the issue, widely underestimated. Supplements have become the gateway to a diffuse, invisible, insidious form of doping. Uncertified products, uncontrolled imports, aggressive marketing: everything conspires to maintain an illusion of safety, while these products are a sanitary blind spot. Their massive consumption among young people is rarely medically supervised. It relies on informal recommendations, locker-room advice, impromptu sellers, and sometimes even social media “influencers.” You can even find them in some souks and dairies. The result is unequivocal: careers shattered over a few grams of unidentified powder, but above all, and most alarmingly, weakened bodies, hormonal disorders, metabolic imbalances appearing earlier and earlier. Doping is no longer just a sports fraud; it’s becoming a full-fledged public health issue. The silence and sometimes passive complicity of clubs and gyms is another blind spot in the system. It takes courage to ask the uncomfortable question: where are the clubs in all this? Few gyms are truly spared. Some don’t hesitate to sell, without the slightest scruple, products whose true composition and potential effects on users’ bodies are known only to their suppliers. And how do you respond to a young person who challenges you: “You tell us these products aren’t good, but the coach says we have to take them”? In many cases, medical oversight is insufficient, if not nonexistent. Young people evolve in an environment where physical appearance is glorified, but scientific and medical culture remains marginal. This void is filled by improvisation and worse, a form of collective abdication of responsibility. When the scandal breaks, the athlete faces the sanction alone. The club vanishes from the story. Yet the law clearly defines the various levels of responsibility: products don’t fall from the sky. This asymmetry is no longer sustainable. Responsibility can no longer be considered solely individual. Doping in Moroccan football, ever since two high-level players have been implicated, can no longer be analyzed solely through the lens of personal fault. It’s the product of an insufficiently regulated supplements market, a lack of structured medical oversight, increasingly early performance pressure, and a sports culture that values results over understanding, in denial of an existing law. In response, the AMAD, based on strict rules, has been tasked with implementing the national anti-doping policy, and it does so brilliantly. For it, mechanically applying rules without fine-tuned adaptation to local realities and without massive education isn’t enough. Sanctioning without educating treats symptoms while ignoring the disease. What needs to change now is no longer marginal correction: the system must be rethought. Concretely: - Mandate medical oversight in all clubs. - Create a national list of certified, controlled, and traceable supplements. - Systematically train young athletes and their coaches on substance risks. - Hold clubs and staff legally accountable, so they can no longer hide behind ignorance or good faith. And above all: drop the general hypocrisy and face reality. Morocco isn’t an isolated case. It’s simply at a turning point. What’s at play today is the shift from marginal doping to a systemic form, not organized, but diffuse, cultural, almost unconscious. Refusing to see it is accepting that a generation of young people will pay the price for this blindness. Doping isn’t just a matter of cheating. It’s a public health issue, and now, a matter of collective responsibility.

GITEX Africa in Marrakech: Showcase of Ambition or Revealer of Contradictions? 69

In Marrakech, GITEX Africa is closing its doors amid a now-familiar buzz: thousands of exhibitors, tens of thousands of visitors, international delegations, and African startups seeking visibility. Morocco is thus displaying a clear ambition: to become a continental tech hub, or even a Euro-African platform for innovation. But behind this seductive showcase, one question arises acutely: is the country truly giving itself all the means to match its ambitions, however legitimate they may be? Morocco certainly starts with undeniable advantages. Its political stability, modern infrastructure, strategic geographic positioning, investments in telecoms and renewable energies, and the undoubtedly competitive level of its youth and universities make it a serious candidate to host Africa's digital economy. Institutions like UM6P or Technopark Maroc are contributing to the emergence of a dynamic entrepreneurial ecosystem. The talent is there. The will, surely. The ideas, too. And yet. Innovation cannot be decreed; it must be unleashed. The economy of artificial intelligence and startups rests on a fundamental principle: speed. Speed of execution, decision-making, and transactions. Yet in Morocco, this speed is often slowed, hampered. The heart of the problem lies in the paradox of wanting to build a modern digital economy while maintaining administrative logics inherited from a control economy, or one from another era. Initiative and innovation require freedom. Freedom to invest, transfer, trade, test, and often fail. The more constraints there are, the more innovation contracts. Thus, the foreign exchange lock is a structural handicap. The role of the Office des Changes is central in this equation. Designed to protect macroeconomic balances, its regulatory framework now appears out of sync with the demands of the digital age. A Moroccan entrepreneur wanting to pay for a cloud service abroad, raise international funds, sell a SaaS solution overseas, or simply test a global business model often faces delays, caps, or procedures incompatible with modern market realities. Meanwhile, their counterpart in France, London, the "Silicon Valley" of Europe, or today in Germany, Sweden, and the Netherlands, major players supported by strong innovation dynamics and investments in AI and SaaS, can move and close deals much faster. Here, the new economy has found the most fertile ground. Where a startup must act in milliseconds, here it sometimes waits days, even weeks. In a world of instant competition, this lag is fatal. Let’s stay on our continent and ask why other African countries are advancing faster? It’s a disturbing question, but one worth asking without complex: why do countries, sometimes less endowed with infrastructure, attract tech and AI giants more? Ecosystems like those in Lagos, Accra, Nairobi, Mauritius, or Kigali have grasped one essential thing: in the digital economy, regulation must support, not hinder. Rwanda bets on an agile, pro-business administration. Kenya benefits from a liberated and innovative fintech ecosystem. Nigeria, despite its challenges, offers market depth and operational flexibility that seduce investors. Meanwhile, major tech players hesitate to establish a lasting presence in Morocco, despite its structural assets. The risk is becoming a showcase without substance. The danger is clear: events like GITEX Africa could become shiny vitrines disconnected from on-the-ground realities, where others come to do business and leave. A digital economy is not built through international trade shows, but through deep structural reforms. Without that, Morocco risks remaining a stopover rather than an anchor for innovation. To turn ambition into reality, several levers must be activated without delay: - Gradually liberalize the exchange regime. - Enable startups to freely open foreign currency accounts, transfer funds without administrative burdens, and operate internationally in real time. - Establish a true specific framework for tech exporting companies. - Create a “regulatory sandbox” for AI and fintech. Inspired by international models, this setup would allow startups to test innovations in a relaxed framework, under supervision, without immediately facing all regulatory constraints. A "regulatory sandbox" is a controlled testing space for technological innovations. It enables AI and fintech startups to test products in a lightened regulatory environment, supervised by authorities. This is a key concept. Drawing from models like the UK’s FCA or the EU’s AI Act, it creates a secure space where companies experiment without full authorizations and compliance upfront. Regulators oversee to assess risks, limit consumer impact, and adapt future laws. - Accelerate administrative digitalization. Drastically reduce processing times, automate authorizations, and introduce “silence means approval” logic in some cases. - Encourage international venture capital. Facilitate entry and exit for foreign investors, simplify fundraising mechanisms, and secure cross-border operations legally. - Bet on freedom as a strategic driver. This may be the most decisive point. Innovation does not thrive in a climate of suspicion or excessive control. It needs trust. Morocco stands at a crossroads. It can either continue prioritizing control, at the risk of braking its own momentum, or make a bold turn toward greater economic freedom. GITEX Africa is a tremendous opportunity. But it will be an empty symbol if not accompanied by a profound paradigm shift. In the artificial intelligence economy, presence is not enough. Competitiveness is key. The watchword: the modern economy flourishes in milliseconds, needs freedom, and does not tolerate endless administrative delays and controls. If history shows how we missed the industrial revolution, let’s not miss the digital one, as it could weigh on generations to come and thus on the country’s future.