Think Forward.

Enseignement au Maroc : un passé glorieux, un présent pitoyable 4117

Aziz Daouda, 2 y.

- Politics - History - Society -

2.1 min read.

Nous sommes en pleine refonte du système scolaire à ce qu’il parait. Je n’ai pas souvenir qu’une refonte se soit faite et bien menée dans un climat délétère de tension, de grève, d’offense à l’autorité de l’Etat, puisque finalement c’est de cela qu’il s’agit en ce moment. Les grèves à n’en plus finir, maintenues et perpétuées par des entités sans existence juridique ni légalité institutionnelle voilà qui pousse à une réflexion profonde nécessaire et urgente quant à l’avenir du climat social prédominant ou qui va prédominer à l’avenir. Une mutation importante s’opère devant nous en ce qui concerne la représentativité des travailleurs et salariés de tout bord. Mais là n’est pas le sujet. Les grèves à répétition depuis trois mois et les propos parfois cohérents, parfois non de « professeurs grévistes » écoutés çà et là dans différents médias, les annonces à répétition du gouvernement, à chaque fois non suivi d’effet, laissent comprendre la profondeur du malaise et du mal être des uns et des autres, mais pas des raisons derrière cette situation. Oui les enseignants ne sont pas contents, oui le gouvernement répète à qui veut l’entendre qu’il comprend la colère des grévistes, qu’il est prêt à apporter des solutions et il en apporte et pourtant le malaise est persistant. La question donc est de comprendre pourquoi le dialogue n’aboutie pas, pourquoi les revendications ne sont pas entendues et les solutions ou concessions du gouvernement ne sont pas acceptées. S’agit-il de crise de posture ou de crise institutionnelle ? Bien malin celui qui peut aujourd’hui trancher. En tous cas et en attendant de voir enfin les enfants sur les bacs et les enseignants craie à la main, je me suis permis de sortir et me rappeler des livres scolaires d’il y a longtemps. Ceux d’arabe du valeureux feu Ahmed Boukmakh, manuels nous ayant initié à la langue arabe, ses finesses et sa richesse. Qui se rappelle du livre d'histoire des cours moyens et de certificat d'études, les deux dernières années du cycle primaire qui permettait aux détenteurs du graal d’accéder à la fonction publique au grade de rédacteur, de policier, d’infirmier, de postier et de tant d’autres fonctions et métiers. Et oui avec 5 années de scolarité seulement, le citoyen était capable d’écrire et de s’exprimer correctement en arabe et en français…Aujourd’hui ce n’est plus le cas hélas…Les différentes « réformes » successives mal inspirées et l’instabilité des programmes ont enlisé dans la médiocrité un enseignement naguère excellent. Lisez un peu d'une page prise au hasard dans un de ces manuels pour voir ce qu'était le niveau de savoir alors atteint par l’élève et à quel niveau d'expression linguistique il était promu. Ces manuels ont pour certains aujourd’hui près de 70 ans. Montrez ce genre de livres à ceux en charge de la réforme et aux enseignants grévistes, afin qu'ils se rendent compte du gap qui nous sépare de la belle époque de notre enseignement. Entre nous et cette époque-là, une grande distance et un grand écart de niveau. Comment en sommes-nous arrivés à dilapider de tels acquis. Si vous avez des enfants de ce niveau scolaire, comparez les anciens manuels avec ceux dont ils se servent aujourd'hui. Si la réforme en gestation aujourd'hui n'est pas en mesure de nous assurer ce niveau et plus, alors on aura raté un autre tournant de l'histoire et une autre occasion de nous mettre sur les rails, basculant notre pays et son avenir dans l'inconnu, menaçant son progrès et son histoire. Alors le Doyen Charles André Julien et sa fameuse lettre adressée le 1er novembre 1960, à M. Bennani directeur du protocole royal de l'époque, afin d’informer feu Sa Majesté Mohamed V sur les dérives et danger qui guettaient l’enseignement dans notre pays, suite aux premières décisions prises pour soi-disant le réformer… La lettre est ici publiée séparément dans Bluwr pour ceux qui voudraient comprendre combien elle était prémonitoire.

Aziz Daouda

Directeur Technique et du Développement de la Confédération Africaine d'Athlétisme. Passionné du Maroc, passionné d'Afrique. Concerné par ce qui se passe, formulant mon point de vue quand j'en ai un. Humaniste, j'essaye de l'être, humain je veux l'être. Mon histoire est intimement liée à l'athlétisme marocain et mondial. J'ai eu le privilège de participer à la gloire de mon pays .

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Morocco and the Trust Economy: The Invisible Capital of Development... 74

Aziz Daouda, 2 h.

- Politics - Society - Business -

2.9 min read.

In the economic history of nations, some assets are visible, such as natural resources, geographical position, infrastructure, or market size. Others, however, are invisible but often decisive. Among them, trust holds a central place and constitutes the true cement of sustainable economies. An economy can survive with few natural resources, but it cannot prosper sustainably without trust. Morocco today has many assets: remarkable political stability, a strategic position, world-class infrastructure, and active economic diplomacy. Yet, the decisive step in development now consists of building a true trust economy, capable of sustainably reassuring citizens, entrepreneurs, and investors. This is not a slogan. Trust is an institutional and cultural architecture that is built over time. It is the primary capital of a modern economy and a determining factor. It reduces transaction costs, encourages investment, facilitates innovation, and stimulates individual initiative. When an entrepreneur knows that the rules of the game are stable, that contracts will be respected, and that justice is swift and independent, he invests more easily. When a citizen trusts the tax administration and institutions, he more willingly accepts taxes and participates in the formal economy. Conversely, a lack of trust generates precautionary behaviors: capital flight, informality, low long-term investment. The economy then becomes cautious, fragmented, and inefficient. For Morocco, the central question is therefore not only to attract investments, but to create an environment where trust becomes a collective reflex. It would be unfair not to recognize the considerable progress made over the past decades. The foundations are solid. The country has massively invested in infrastructure: Tanger Med is today one of the world's most important logistics hubs. Nador and Dakhla are coming soon. Industrial zones have enabled the emergence of high-performing sectors, in the automotive industry with Renault Group and Stellantis, and in aeronautics with Boeing, Airbus, and Safran. The country's ambition in energy transition is exemplary. This shows that it is capable of carrying out structuring projects and offering a stable macroeconomic environment. However, the next step in development requires a qualitative leap: moving from an opportunity economy to a trust economy with a determining role for the rule of law. Trust first rests on the solidity of institutions. For investors as for entrepreneurs, the predictability of rules is a decisive element. Laws must be stable, readable, and applied equally, with three particularly crucial dimensions: **The independence and efficiency of justice** A swift, accessible, and credible justice system is the keystone of any trust economy. Commercial disputes must be resolved within reasonable timeframes. Judicial decisions must be enforced without ambiguity. Legal security is often the primary factor of attractiveness. **Fiscal stability** Investors do not necessarily expect very low tax rates; they primarily seek stability and readability. Predictable taxation allows companies to plan investments over the long term. Morocco has already undertaken several major tax reforms, but the challenge now is to go further and consolidate a clear and durable fiscal pact. **The fight against rents and privileges** Trust disappears when the rules of the game seem unequal. A dynamic economy relies on fair competition and equal opportunities. Transparency in public markets, competition regulation, and limiting rent situations are essential levers. A trust economy is also an economy of freedom, capable of unleashing entrepreneurial energy. The freedom to enterprise, innovate, and experiment is one of the fundamental engines of growth. Morocco has a talented youth, competent engineers, and an influential diaspora. However, several obstacles remain: administrative complexity, access to financing for SMEs, slowness of certain procedures. The challenge is to create an environment where individual initiative becomes the norm rather than the exception. Moroccan startups in fintech, artificial intelligence, or agricultural technologies already demonstrate the country's potential. With a more fluid ecosystem, they could become tomorrow's economic champions. In a world marked by geopolitical uncertainty and economic recompositions, trust also becomes a comparative advantage. If Morocco manages to position itself as a country where rules are stable, justice reliable, and administration predictable, it could become one of the main investment platforms between Europe and Africa. This ambition aligns with the Kingdom's African strategies and its growing international openness. Trust could thus become Morocco's true economic hallmark. Several strategic orientations deserve to be prioritized: - Accelerate the modernization of the judicial system, particularly in handling commercial disputes and enforcing judicial decisions. - Radically simplify administrative procedures for businesses through complete digitalization of public services. - Establish multi-year fiscal stability to enhance visibility. - Promote transparency and fair competition in all economic sectors. - Strengthen training and valorization of human capital, particularly in technological and scientific fields. - Develop a culture of trust between the State, businesses, and citizens. This dimension is often overlooked, yet it constitutes the invisible foundation of development. Morocco finds itself today at a pivotal moment in its economic history. The infrastructure is in place, strategic ambitions are affirmed, and the international environment offers new opportunities. The next step therefore consists of building a sustainable trust ecosystem. If Morocco succeeds in this gamble, and it must, it could not only accelerate its development but also become one of the most credible and attractive economies in the emerging world. In the 21st-century global economy, trust is undoubtedly the rarest and most powerful capital.

Football: When Passion Kills the Game in Impunity and Tolerance.. 775

Aziz Daouda, 3 d.

- Society - Sports -

2.7 min read.

Football (Soccer for Americans) is first and foremost a matter of emotions. By its very essence, it is an open-air theater where human passions play out in their rawest, most primal form. It generates joy, anger, pride, humiliation, and a sense of belonging. From the stands of Camp Nou to those of the Diego Armando Maradona Stadium, through the fervor of the Mohamed V sport Complex in Casablanca, the vibrant enclosures of Stade Léopold Sédar Senghor in Dakar, or even the Parc des Princes in Paris, the Vélodrome In Marseille, and the Bernabeu In Madrid, football transcends the mere framework of the game to become a total social phenomenon. But this emotional intensity, which makes football's beauty, also constitutes its danger. For without rigorous regulation, it quickly tips into excess, then into violence. Today, it must be acknowledged that the rules exist, but they are too often circumvented, stripped of their substance, or applied with disconcerting leniency. On the pitches as in the stands, excesses are multiplying: insults toward referees, provocations between players, systematic challenges, physical violence, projectile throwing, pitch invasions, xenophobic remarks, racist offenses. What was once the exception is tending to become a tolerated norm. Astonishingly, we are starting to get used to it. Recent examples are telling. In Spain, in stadiums renowned for their football culture, racist chants continue to be belted out without shame, targeting players like Vinícius Júnior. Most recently, it was the Muslim community that was insulted. And yet, Spain's current football prodigy is Muslim. An overheated crowd that has doubtless forgotten it wasn't so long ago that it was Muslim itself. Among those chanting these remarks, and without a doubt, some still carry the genes of that recent past... In Dakar, just a few days ago, clashes escalated, turning a sports celebration into a scene of chaos. In Italy, incidents involving supporters who invaded the pitch, during a friendly match, no less, endangered players and officials, recalling the dark hours of European hooliganism in the 1980s. These episodes are not isolated; they reflect a worrying normalization of violence in and around stadiums. Even at the highest level of African football, behavioral excesses are becoming problematic. The 2025 Africa Cup of Nations final left a bitter taste. What should have been a moment of celebration for continental football was marred by behaviors contrary to sporting ethics. Pressures on refereeing, excessive challenges, and game interruptions have become commonplace. When a coach manipulates a match's rhythm to influence a refereeing decision, it is no longer strategy but a challenge to the very foundations of the sport. Despite international outrage, the sanctions imposed on teams, clubs, or players involved remain often symbolic, insufficient to eradicate these behaviors. A very surprising phenomenon: rarely have clubs or federations clearly distanced themselves from such crowds. They accommodate them, and when they condemn them, it is half-heartedly, in a muffled, timid tone with no effect. The problem is twofold. On one hand, disciplinary regulations exist but lack firmness. On the other, their application suffers from a lack of consistency and political courage. Bodies like FIFA, continental confederations, and national federations hesitate to impose truly dissuasive sanctions such as point deductions, prolonged closed-door matches, competition exclusions, or even administrative relegations. Yet without fear of sanction, the rule loses all effectiveness. It suffices to compare with other sports to measure the gap. In rugby, for example, respect for the referee is a cardinal value. The slightest challenge is immediately sanctioned. In athletics, a false start leads to immediate disqualification, no discussion. Football, meanwhile, still tolerates too many behaviors that should be unacceptable. This permissiveness has a cost. It undermines football's image, discourages some families from attending stadiums, and endangers the safety of the game's actors. More gravely, it paves the way for future tragedies. History has already taught us, through catastrophes like the Heysel Stadium disaster, that violence in stadiums can have tragic consequences. It is therefore urgent to react. Regulating football does not mean killing its soul, but rather preserving it. It is not about extinguishing passions, but channeling them. This requires strong measures, exemplary sanctions against offending clubs and players, accountability for national federations, increased use of technology to identify troublemakers, and above all, a clear political will from national and international governing bodies. Football cannot continue to be this "market of emotion" left to its own devices. For by tolerating the intolerable, it risks losing what makes its greatness and its ability to unite rather than divide. If FIFA does not decide to act firmly, the danger is real: that of seeing football sink into a spiral where violence triumphs over the game, and where, one day, tragedies exceed the mere framework of sport. The long-awaited decision of the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) in the 2025 AFCON final case should confirm rigor and integrity in the application of rules, at least at this level, thereby strengthening the credibility of the pan-African competition and football in general.