The Smara Attack: A Reflection of Power Struggles in Algeria...
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The recent Polisario attack on Smara, in the Moroccan Sahara, takes place within a context of deep divisions within the Algerian military hierarchy, which directly influence the policy of the Algerian state. These internal tensions, marked by strategic rivalries, impact the Algiers-Polisario strategy vis-à-vis Morocco.
This offensive, targeting notably a MINURSO base and the small airport of Smara, reflects the will of certain sectors of the Algerian army, supporting the Polisario, to challenge the international community and counter American diplomatic pressure, particularly the bill in Congress aiming to designate the Polisario as a terrorist organization. This move also likely reflects a disagreement within the Algiers-Polisario alliance, exacerbated by the request of the Algerian Chief of Staff, Said Chengriha, to return the Iranian weapons supplied to the Polisario, signaling a probable change of course under international pressure.
The Polisario, dependent on Algerian authorities for its actions, illustrates through this attack the fractures within the Algerian military hierarchy. Several currents oppose each other: some advocate rapprochement with France, others maintain the historic relationship with Russia, while others seek to appease the United States. These divergences are amplified by regional geopolitical stakes, notably the war in Ukraine, and by Morocco’s rapprochement with Sahel countries, which exasperates certain members of the general staff.
Moreover, the concentration of military, political, economic, and diplomatic powers in the hands of General Chengriha fuels tensions with the civilian presidency. President Tebboune, although formally head of state, sees his authority challenged, as demonstrated by the private meeting with Emmanuel Macron held without prior consultation of the general staff, causing a cooling of relations at the top before the ‘president’ was reprimanded.
These internal conflicts directly influence the management of the Sahara dossier. The Polisario attack appears as an expression of power struggles: some officers favor an aggressive posture to preserve their influence, while others prioritize caution in the face of risks of diplomatic isolation and sanctions.
The increasing integration of the military into the civilian administration, reinforced by a recent presidential decree, illustrates the general staff’s desire to control all levers of power, accentuating the politicization of the army and internal tensions.
Finally, the fact that the attack did not achieve its major objectives seems deliberate, constituting a kind of “signature” with Iranian rockets. This gesture can also be seen as a sign of despair from a diplomatically isolated movement and an indicator of divisions at the military top, with some seeking to show that a change of power could open other regional options.
This operation, far from unanimous, weakens Algiers’ position and strengthens the arguments of figures like Joe Wilson and Jimmy Panetta.
Highlighting that major national decisions occur within a context of internal rivalries within the military institution, a pillar of power in Algeria, no one can believe that the decision to launch rockets against Morocco was made in a unanimous conclave.
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Make Your Posts Beautiful: Bluwr Text Formatting Guide
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Bluwr has a simple text formatting system that automatically transforms your writing into beautifully styled posts. Here's how to use these powerful features to make your content stand out.
==Essential Text Styling==
**Bold Text**
To make text bold, wrap it with two asterisks on each side. For example, if you write two asterisks, then the word "important", then two asterisks, it will appear in bold formatting.
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asterisk asterisk important asterisk asterisk
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*Italic Text*
For italic text, use single asterisks around your words. Write one asterisk, your text, then another asterisk.
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asterisk text asterisk
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__Underlined Text__
Create underlined text by using two underscores before and after your text.
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underscore underscore highlighted underscore underscore
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==Layout Elements==
Create Visual Breaks
Want to add a horizontal line to separate sections? Simply type four dashes in a row.
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dash dash dash dash
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Center Your Text
Make text appear centered by wrapping it with two equals signs.
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equals equals This text will be centered equals equals
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Show Code and Examples
Display code or preserve exact formatting by wrapping text with two semicolons. This is perfect for showing examples or code snippets.
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semicolon semicolon
Your code here
semicolon semicolon
;;
==Lists and Organization==
Bullet Points
Create bullet lists by starting each line with a dash and a space.
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dash First item
dash Second item
dash Third item
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Numbered Lists
Make numbered lists by starting lines with numbers and periods.
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1. First step
2. Second step
3. Third step
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==Automatic Magic==
**Lead Paragraphs**
Here's something special - Bluwr automatically styles the first sentence of your post as a lead paragraph. Just write naturally and your opening will be highlighted to draw readers in.
**Smart Processing**
All these formatting options work together seamlessly. The system processes your text in the background, so you can focus on writing great content while Bluwr handles the presentation.
==Pro Tips for Great Formatting==
- **Mix different styles** for rich, engaging posts
- **Don't overdo it** - let your content be the star
- **Use bullet points** to break up longer paragraphs
- **Try centered text** for important announcements
- **Code blocks** are perfect for sharing examples or preserving specific formatting
**Start experimenting** with these formatting options in your next post. They're designed to be intuitive - just type naturally and watch your words transform into beautiful, readable content that captures your readers' attention.
The best part? Once you learn these simple patterns, they become second nature. Your posts will look professional and polished without any extra effort.
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Gnosticism
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Gnosticism (from the Greek γνῶσις, gnosis, meaning “knowledge” or “insight”) refers to a diverse set of spiritual movements that emerged in the early centuries of the Common Era, primarily within the Greco-Roman world. These traditions share a central conviction: that the human soul contains a divine spark exiled in a flawed or fallen material world, and that salvation comes not through faith alone, but through direct, experiential knowledge of spiritual truths.
Gnostic cosmology, at its core, shows a clear dualism between spirit and matter, light and darkness, knowledge and ignorance. The cosmos is depicted as the creation not of the highest God—Ἀγαθός Θεός (Agathos Theos, the Good God)—but of a lesser, ignorant, or even malevolent power often termed the Demiurge (Greek Δημιουργός, Demiourgos, meaning “artisan” or “builder”). This Demiurge, sometimes identified with the god of the Old Testament in certain Gnostic sects, fashions the material world as a prison or illusion, veiling the true divine realm.
In Gnostic thought, the true God resides beyond the material cosmos, in the fullness of divine being known as the Pleroma (Greek Πλήρωμα). From this realm of light emanate spiritual beings or Aeons (Greek Αἰῶνες, Aiones) in harmonious pairs, representing aspects of divine mind, love, and will. A disruption in this celestial order—often symbolized by the fall or error of an Aeon such as Sophia (Greek Σοφία, Sophia, meaning “Wisdom”)—leads to the creation of the material universe and the entrapment of divine sparks within human souls.
Salvation in Gnosticism is not achieved through external rites or adherence to dogma, but through gnosis itself: a deep inner awakening, in which the soul remembers its true origin and destiny. This knowledge is both intellectual and mystical, a direct experience of the hidden God and the realization of one’s divine nature. Thus, the Gnostic path involves a journey of inner revelation, often guided by a redeemer figure who descends from the Pleroma—whether portrayed as the Logos (Λόγος), the true Christ, or another messenger of light.
Gnosticism often emphasizes the rejection of the material world's illusions and corruptions, while seeking purity of spirit and alignment with the divine order. Yet, the diversity of Gnostic schools means that some embraced asceticism, avoiding bodily pleasures as snares of the Demiurge, while others saw no harm in engaging with the world’s forms, recognizing them as ultimately empty of true substance.
Gnostic scriptures, many of which were lost or suppressed for centuries, survive today in collections such as the Nag Hammadi library discovered in 1945. Several texts like the Gospel of Thomas and the Apocryphon of John offer rich and symbolic teachings, blending different elements into a vision of spiritual liberation.
Throughout history, Gnosticism has influenced mystical and esoteric traditions, from Manichaeism and Hermeticism to modern currents of Theosophy and some aspects of psychology. At its core, Gnosticism invites the seeker to look beyond appearances, to pierce the veil of the world’s illusions, and to remember the divine origin of the soul. In this way, it calls the human being not to blind belief, but to awakening—through gnosis—to an aspect of truth hidden at the heart of existence. being.
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