Think Forward.

La cybersécurité marocaine dangereusement mise à mal par des attaques successives. 600

Le Maroc fait face depuis avril 2025 à une série d’attaques informatiques majeures revendiquées par un collectif de hackers supposés algériens nommé «JabaRoot DZ». Ces cyberattaques ont ciblé des institutions économiques et administratives clés, notamment le ministère de l’Emploi, la Caisse nationale de la sécurité sociale (CNSS), tout récemment le ministère de la justice ainsi que des plateformes liées au cadastre et à la conservation foncière. Ce qui est claire, disons-le de suite, est que l’Algérie n’a aucunement la puissance technologique et de savoir-faire pour ce genre de besognes. Il est fort probable que ses services fassent appel à des « compétences » notamment à l’est de l’Europe pour s’attaquer aux intérêts du Royaume dans sa guerre globale à l’encontre de son «ennemi classique ». Si cette hypothèse se vérifiait, la question serait alors de savoir qui d'autres disposerait des informations piratées et pour quel usage. La première intrusion, survenue début avril 2025, a débuté par le piratage du site du ministère de l’Emploi et s’est rapidement étendue à la base de données de la CNSS. Cette attaque a conduit à la fuite de milliers de documents sensibles, exposant les informations personnelles de près de deux millions de salariés et les données administratives d’environ 500 000 entreprises marocaines. Parmi les données divulguées figuraient des bulletins de salaire détaillant noms, numéros de sécurité sociale, salaires, et parfois numéros de cartes d’identité de personnalités très importantes et de dirigeants de Royal Air Maroc, d'Attijariwafa Bank, de la Banque centrale populaire, du Fonds Mohammed VI pour l’investissement. Moins de deux mois plus tard, en juin 2025, JabaRoot DZ a revendiqué une nouvelle cyberattaque « de grande ampleur » contre l’Agence nationale de la conservation foncière, du cadastre et de la cartographie (ANCFCC). Bien que l’ANCFCC ait démenti toute intrusion directe dans ses serveurs, il a été révélé que la faille provenait d’une plateforme électronique utilisée par certains bureaux de notaires pour l’archivage des documents fonciers. Les hackers affirment avoir obtenu environ 4 téraoctets de données, comprenant des millions de titres fonciers, des documents contractuels, des copies de cartes d’identité, de passeports, ainsi que des documents bancaires et des informations concernant de hauts responsables et personnalités publiques. Cette fuite a conduit à la fermeture temporaire de la plateforme par l’ANCFCC pour des raisons de sécurité. Les hackers justifient ces attaques comme des représailles à des tentatives présumées de piratage marocain contre des institutions algériennes, notamment le compte Twitter de l’Agence de presse algérienne (APS). Ils ont également menacé de nouvelles actions en cas de futures attaques contre les intérêts algériens. Ces événements s’inscrivent dans un contexte de tensions géopolitiques entre le Maroc et l’Algérie, exacerbées par des enjeux liés au développement récents de l'affaire du Sahara et des rivalités régionales; le Maroc depuis quelques temps enregistrant victoire sur victoire à un rythme effréné. L'Algérie, dans ses médias officiels et officieux, ne se cache même plus et va jusqu'à implicitement revendiquer le piratage, ignorant le fait que se soit là une sorte de terrorisme d'état. Ces cyberattaques ont eu des conséquences graves : elles ont érodé la confiance des citoyens dans les services publics numériques, augmenté les risques d’usurpation d’identité et de fraude bancaire, et porté atteinte à la réputation des entreprises concernées. Le gouvernement marocain a qualifié ces actes de « criminels » et a annoncé des mesures pour renforcer la cybersécurité tout en ouvrant des enquêtes internes. La série d’attaques met surtout en lumière des vulnérabilités majeures dans la cybersécurité des institutions marocaines. La centralisation massive des données sensibles dans des plateformes uniques et le fait de créer des jonctions entre plusieurs intervenants et plateformes, facilitent les choses pour les citoyens et les institutions dans le cadre de la digitalisation certes mais facilite aussi l’accès massif des hackers en cas de brèche. Il est donc crucial de revoir en profondeur et sans plus tarder la stratégie nationale de protection des données. Pour mieux répartir ses données et renforcer sa sécurité, le Maroc pourrait adopter plusieurs stratégies complémentaires, en s’appuyant notamment sur la Stratégie nationale de cybersécurité 2030 et les meilleures pratiques internationales. Il devrait sans doute éviter la centralisation excessive en répartissant les données sensibles sur plusieurs systèmes sécurisés, segmenter les réseaux pour limiter les mouvements latéraux des hackers, et utiliser des techniques de transmission des données par plusieurs canaux distincts, afin de réduire les risques de vol simultané. Le Maroc se doit aussi intégrer des solutions de cybersécurité décentralisée basées sur la blockchain et l’intelligence collective, mettre en place un cloud souverain national avec hébergement local et chiffrement de bout en bout garantissant la protection des informations critiques. Le pays devrait par ailleurs, développer un cadre juridique agile et adapté, former un vivier national de professionnels qualifiés en cybersécurité via des cursus spécialisés et certifications, et mettre en place un Security Operations Center performant combinant outils de détection avancés et équipes locales capables de gérer les menaces spécifiques au contexte marocain. Une école supérieure de cybersécurité ou encadreraient des étudiants parfaitement sélectionnés, de véritables spécialistes, peut être une avancée stratégique majeure garantissant et la compétence et l’indépendance dans ce domaine. Face à la montée des cybermenaces, il est urgent que le Maroc adopte une politique de cybersécurité proactive et innovante, reposant sur une architecture technique décentralisée. Renforcer la coopération régionale et internationale n’est ici pas un luxe. L’échange d’informations critiques en temps réel est crucial; comme il est vital d'encourager la collaboration public-privé via des plateformes d’échange de renseignements sur les menaces, pour anticiper et réagir rapidement aux incidents. Aujourd’hui force est de constater que nombreux sont ceux qui prétendent maitriser la question, offrant des services qui vont très vite mettre à nu leurs limites et incompétences. Les administrations et les entreprises doivent faire très attention avant de s’engager ou d’engager les compétences dans ce domaine fort sensible. C'est une sphère qui repose sur une gouvernance agile, sur le développement des compétences humaines et la coopération active au niveau national et international. Une approche intégrée est essentielle pour bâtir un cyberespace résilient, souverain et capable de soutenir la transformation digitale ambitieuse du pays, tout en protégeant efficacement sa sécurité, ses institutions, ses citoyens et son économie.
Aziz Daouda

Aziz Daouda

Directeur Technique et du Développement de la Confédération Africaine d'Athlétisme. Passionné du Maroc, passionné d'Afrique. Concerné par ce qui se passe, formulant mon point de vue quand j'en ai un. Humaniste, j'essaye de l'être, humain je veux l'être. Mon histoire est intimement liée à l'athlétisme marocain et mondial. J'ai eu le privilège de participer à la gloire de mon pays .


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Moroccan Tourism in 2025: Spectacular Growth but Persistent Challenges 246

Moroccan tourism has been experiencing a very favorable phase since 2024. Tourism revenues reached nearly 50 billion dirhams in the first quarter of the current year, confirming a robust recovery after the global health crisis. This upswing is the result of a combination of factors that can be analyzed from several perspectives. Certainly, the gradual lifting of health restrictions worldwide enabled a massive return of international visitors, particularly Europeans, but also travelers from other regions of the globe. With its unique cultural richness, history, lively medinas, diverse landscapes ranging from the Atlas Mountains to the Atlantic and Mediterranean beaches, sunshine, colors, unparalleled craftsmanship, refined cuisine, and the warmth of Moroccans—their smiles, their ability to quickly connect with others, and their tolerance—the Kingdom has managed to attract clientele seeking authentic and varied experiences. After two difficult years, this strong recovery reflects renewed tourist interest in the destination. According to the government, the rise of the tourism sector is linked to a strategy and sustained policy of investment in infrastructure: world-class hotels, improved transport networks, airport modernization, and expansion of air routes. These efforts have undoubtedly significantly enhanced the country’s accessibility as well as visitor comfort and security, all now essential elements to remain competitive in a highly competitive international market. The Kingdom has also heavily invested in its global visibility through well-calibrated promotion campaigns, regular presence at major international trade shows, and strategic partnerships with key tourism players. This well-thought marketing strategy has attracted a diverse clientele, amplifying the effect of a strong national brand. Developing the tourism offer plays a crucial role in this dynamic. In addition to traditional cultural and seaside getaways that the country is famous for, Morocco is now focusing on growing segments: adventure tourism, desert trekking, extreme sports, ecotourism, national parks, protected areas, and cultural events, international festivals, and exhibitions. This diversification aims to attract different tourist profiles year-round and avoid excessive seasonality. The exceptional event of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, through the performance of the Moroccan national team and the enthusiastic support of its supporters in the stadium and the streets of Doha, had an amplifying effect on the country’s global visibility and image. This competition put Morocco on the international tourism map, attracting a significant influx of visitors and creating immediate spotlight on its attractions. As a direct result, Morocco exceeded in 2024 its initial target of 17.5 million tourists planned for 2026—a remarkable achievement. However, without contesting the announced figures, this bright spot should not mask certain challenges. A closer look at the statistics reveals a different reality. A significant portion of recorded tourists, about 50%, are Moroccans residing abroad (MRE), who visit mainly for family reasons rather than tourism linked to government strategies. It should not be overlooked that these same MRE often denounce recurring problems, foremost among them the high cost of air transport with Royal Air Maroc, which is heavily subsidized by public funds. Price gouging in hotels and restaurants, especially in summer, is also widely criticized. These difficulties impact the retention of international visitors as well, as return rates are very low. The fact that operators at all levels impose exorbitant price increases during peak season tarnishes the country’s image and discourages visitors. Staying in Morocco is abusively expensive for unclear reasons. Indeed, few tourists return multiple times after their first visit. This raises questions about the quality of the customer experience and the destination’s competitiveness. Excluding MRE and visitors traveling for professional reasons, the number of foreigners visiting Morocco by deliberate choice is therefore not that high. This calls into question the efficiency of the very large subsidies granted to the sector and, above all, the effectiveness of the promotional campaigns. The Ministry of Tourism and the National Tourism Office attribute the recorded success to their proactive policy, but the reality shows that this growth largely relies on the emotional attachment of the MRE, a factor less controllable by public authorities. Will the post-World Cup momentum and the goodwill generated be sustained over the long term? It is difficult to precisely gauge how much of the upswing is due to the World Cup context and what the real impact of public policies is, especially subsidies and aid allocated to the sector. This impact, however, cannot be ignored. To maintain the course and ensure sustainable growth of the sector, it is essential that Morocco continues and deepens its efforts: ongoing investments and innovation in the tourism offer. However, the major urgent challenge remains controlling the outrageous costs for visitors. The government’s silence on this issue risks hurting the sector badly. The summer sunshine is too expensive. It is time for the entire industry to stop acting like predators, and for scams and extortion to be forever banned quickly. Another key challenge is integrating sustainable development policies to preserve natural and cultural resources within the broader framework of inclusive development across all regions of the country. It is also imperative to include citizen awareness and education in this vision. Polluted or neglected beaches and sites, annoying incivility, and inappropriate behaviors are additional challenges to be addressed. Tourism must remain one of the major engines of Morocco’s economy, generating jobs and wealth while enhancing the country’s international standing. Still, we shall wait until the end of the campaign to make a final judgment, especially on the trajectory of the numbers and the effectiveness of measures announced in the sector’s development strategy, and above all to draw the necessary lessons.

[Short Stories #4 ] A Red Flower Among the Ice [1/3] 417

The radio crackled softly in the dim kitchen, the announcer’s voice steady but tinged with concern. “This week, heavy snow is expected. Please be careful if you must travel and …” Karl was busy on the living room floor, toy cars rattling loudly in his hands as they scattered across the rug. His father, standing in the kitchen doorway, raised a hand gently. “Karl, please, not so much noise. I want to listen to what they’re saying on the radio.” “Sorry, Dad,” Karl muttered, setting one of his cars aside, his brow furrowed with boredom. Their mother entered, phone pressed to her ear, a tired sigh escaping her lips. “No classes this week,” she announced. Karl groaned, “Another boring week stuck at home.” “Dinner’s ready,” his mother called, her voice breaking the silence. “Come eat before it gets cold.” Karl trudged to the table, the long winter night stretching out before him—cold and quiet, just like the thick ice blanketing the world beyond their windows. The house felt suspended in time, the wind whistling now and then, the only other sound the gentle hum of the old radio. Outside, street lamps cast faint halos through frosted glass. The days passed slowly, one blending into the next, each wrapped in an endless layer of white. The world outside seemed to hold its breath, every noise muffled by the heavy snow. Streets once filled with color and movement were now hushed and blank, as if time itself had frozen. At last, on the final day of the week, their mother opened a window wide. “Look,” she whispered. “The snow has stopped. It’s beautiful today.” Karl hurried to her side, eyes wide as he peered out. The garden glistened beneath the weak morning sun, untouched except for delicate patterns of frost sparkling quietly. “Can I go outside? Just for a little while?” Karl pleaded, his hope unmistakable. His mother smiled softly. “Okay, but dress warmly—and don’t go too far.” Bundled up in scarf and mittens, Karl stepped outside, his breath clouding in the crisp air. He clutched his favorite toy car, venturing into the silent, frozen yard. Everywhere he looked, white shimmered—nature itself seemed on the verge of beginning anew. Suddenly, amid the endless white, a surprising splash of color caught his eye. “What’s that?” Karl whispered. Moving closer, he saw it: a single brave red flower pushing through the icy crust, vivid and alive against the snow. Its petals tilted upward, reaching as if to catch every drop of sunlight. The sight filled Karl with wonder. “So beautiful,” he murmured. “What are you doing here, all alone?” He circled the flower, curiosity mounting. He didn’t understand how anything so small, so delicate, could survive here. “I’ll take you home with me,” he decided. Gently, he cupped his hands to pull the flower free—but it didn’t budge. Its roots, deep within the ice, held fast. Karl tried again, but it remained stubbornly in place. Disappointed and hungry, the little boy picked up his toy car and made his way back indoors. That evening, as the family gathered for dinner, his mother asked, “Karl, how was your walk today? You didn’t say anything when you came inside.” Karl hesitated, then replied quietly, “I found a red flower growing in the ice.” Everyone laughed. His father teased, “Poor flower, it must be freezing out there!” They chuckled, but Karl was stung. No one believed what he’d seen. After dinner, the house quieted once more. The family went to bed, the next day would be the start of a new week—school would resume. Morning came. Karl’s mother called up the stairs, “Karl, time to get up for school!” No answer. She climbed to his room. Karl was not in the room…

A Last Chance: The King of Morocco’s Message to Algeria on the Sahara Issue... 617

His Majesty the King's speech, delivered on July 28, 2025, on the occasion of the Throne Day, carries particular significance in a diplomatic context that is admittedly new but has been developing for a long time. The recent circumstances are marked by the tour of Massad Boulos, father of one of Donald Trump’s sons-in-law and special envoy of the President to the region. These circumstances are further highlighted by the remarks before the U.S. Congress of the newly appointed ambassador to Rabat, who is very close to the President. Richard Duke Buchan III did not mince words: the Sahara is Moroccan. He knows the region well, having been ambassador to Spain. This situation says a lot about the current dynamics of the conflict over the Moroccan Sahara and about Algeria’s troubled stance on this issue. In his widely followed speech, eagerly awaited and well-reported by Moroccans due to the rarity of His Majesty's words, the King of Morocco emphasizes the repeated "outstretched hand" offered by Rabat. He stresses the brotherhood between the Moroccan and Algerian peoples while underlining the constancy of his position. The goal is to exert moral and diplomatic weight, presenting an image of responsibility and openness while implicitly denouncing Algerian obstruction. This rhetoric effectively offers a way out for Algeria, which is becoming isolated on the international stage. Addressing the Algerian people, His Majesty essentially calls them to witness. By explicitly highlighting growing support for his proposal, notably recent backing by the United Kingdom and Portugal, His Majesty sends a message with a dual meaning: *- Morocco enjoys increasing support for its autonomy proposal, which legitimizes its position broadly supported by the West, the Arab world, the majority of African countries, and others; - At the same time, Algeria is becoming increasingly diplomatically isolated, as confirmed by the awkward silence regarding the Sahara issue in official statements, especially after the American special envoy’s visit.* The speech disregards the new realities and moves directly to a constructive proposal for dialogue within a fraternal framework. On the other side, the absence of any mention of Western Sahara in Algerian official statements following Boulos’s meeting with President Tebboune is particularly telling. Added to this is the recent statement by the Lebanese president, made in the presence of Tebboune and his close entourage in the heart of Algerian power. He thanked the Kingdoms of Saudi Arabia and Morocco for their involvement in resolving the political crisis in his country, without a word about the Sahara. The tone of Joseph Aoun’s voice is grating to the aligned guards. Faces are tense. This reflects either a political unwillingness or inability of Algeria to publicly address this subject under international pressure, except in the presence of marginal countries. There is also an embarrassment or divergence between the regional political reality and Algerian diplomatic communication. The fact that the American special envoy continues his tour, with a clear mission, according to Trump, "to end this artificial conflict," demonstrates international determination to promote a resolution favoring Morocco’s proposal. At least, this can be inferred from Trump’s letter to His Majesty on the occasion of the Throne Day. Are we nearing a scenario similar to the resolution of the conflict between Rwanda and the DRC? His Majesty the King’s renewed call can be seen as a last resort, a final offer of appeasement: an opportunity for Algeria to step down from its stubborn stance without losing face, relying on a credible and internationally accepted proposal. Morocco has shown both patience and firmness. The next step now depends on Algeria’s choice. Unfortunately, instead of an official response, the Algerian authorities have communicated indirectly through media channels, some of whose outrageous remarks are perplexing. They even claim that the King of Morocco eventually threw in the towel in the face of Algeria’s intransigence. The lifeline extended by the King to a languishing regime is perceived as a mere sponge by the very one who needs it. A pity. Algeria now faces its contradictions, confronted with a complex constraint. Continuing to support the Polisario means further entrenchment and a risky isolation, both regionally and internationally, with an even greater threat of political weakening internally. The country suffers from an unprecedented economic crisis, limiting, due to a lack of foreign currency, imports that are vital to the economy and the people. Recurring electricity and especially water cuts in several regions add to the difficulties. The dilapidated state of cities is perplexing. Tebboune’s reassuring talks do not lessen the bitterness of the population. Heeding Morocco’s call would allow Algeria to reposition itself politically without losing face; explicitly refusing dialogue is increasingly costly and diplomatically unsustainable. Algeria risks sinking into a crisis that benefits neither its international credibility nor regional stability, and even less its domestic stability. The involvement of the American special envoy in the region, the discretion regarding the Sahara case in Algerian communiqués, and the King of Morocco’s speech all point to the same reality: the status quo can no longer continue. The generous and wise royal appeal is indeed a last chance offered to Algeria to escape the deadlock, avoid international political embarrassment, and preserve some dignity for its leaders. By opting for dialogue, Algiers would also save face internally, with a population that has been fed a hatred of the Kingdom for five decades and sacrificed for a cause that brought only misery and disappointment. What does the population feel when it sees mercenaries occupying part of its territory, parading at its expense, pretending to lead a bogus “republic”? The international context, with major actors clearly engaged for a pragmatic resolution, reduces Algeria’s room for maneuver. Will Algeria seize this opportunity to redirect its policy, or will it continue a costly and potentially harmful strategy? In that case, there will be only one loser: Algeria. The regional and international momentum is accelerating every day in favor of the Moroccan proposal. This is the meaning , and only the meaning, that should be given to the Throne Day speech of the King of Morocco.

Understanding. 732

The food had just arrived, a bucket of figs, submerged in cool water to shield them from the heat, when the boy entered the narrow street. Confused and burning with anger, he broke the peace that had settled over the biggest ape. “Come here,” said the biggest ape, voice low and firm. He reached into the water and extended the boy a fig. “Take this.” “I don't understand...” the boy muttered, lowering himself onto the carpet. Grief and rage glowing through his eyes. “You can have more,” answered the biggest ape. A long pause followed. The ape measured every words carefully as the boy's tears drew sharp lines across his face. “Listen,” he said at last. “To understand life, you must see death. To understand light, you must see darkness. To understand justice, you must see injustice.” The biggest ape then ran a single finger across the still surface of the water, the motion briefly parting it into two. They ate in silence. In the distance, a ship was leaving the harbor, its sails taut with wind, its trail splitting the ocean. *Such is the nature of understanding: fleeting borders in the mind of God.*

What’s new in Bluwr version 1.4? 747

Bluwr keeps evolving to enhance your reading, sharing, and publishing experience. Here's what version 1.4 brings: ==**Four Major New Features to Discover**== __1– Series: Organize Your Articles into Collections__ Do you publish regularly around the same topic? The new Series feature lets you group your articles into thematic, coherent collections. Whether it's a documentary project, a serialized fiction, or a journal, you can now offer your readers a structured and fluid experience. __2– Two New Reading Themes__ Bluwr now includes two new visual modes, alongside the existing Mediterranean Sea (default) and Vintage Newspaper (classic printed-paper feel): Comfort: designed to reduce blue light exposure while remaining readable even under bright daylight. Night Mode: perfect for reading in the dark without disturbing others nearby. You can switch between themes any time from your profile settings. __3– Persistent Login Across Devices__ The login bug has been fixed. Your session will now remain active—even when switching browsers or devices. That means you can now use Bluwr on your phone just like an app, without needing to log in every time. __4– General Improvements and Fixes__ Beyond these visible updates, this version also includes interface and usability improvements for a smoother, more intuitive navigation experience. Try out the new features today. The Bluwr team continues to refine the platform—version after version.