Think Forward.

Ukraine et Soudan : deux conflits, deux regards différents... 2090

Aziz Daouda, 5 mon.
L’ensemble du monde occidental s’est retrouvé à Washington il y a quelques jours. Le président Trump cherche depuis son retour à sauver ce qui reste de l’Ukraine, et les Européens ne veulent véritablement pas que cela se fasse dans leur dos. Faute de jouer un rôle déterminant ils veulent au moins être là. I y va de leur crédibilité et surtout de leur image vis à vis du reste du monde. Surchauffée par une Europe à la langue plus longue que le bras, une Europe de plus en plus impuissante, l’Ukraine a subi, puis mené, une guerre qu’elle pensait remporter avec l’appui de l’Occident. A aujourd'hui elle a perdu 20% de son territoire et ce n'est pas fini. Au lieu que Volodymyr (Zelensky) aille traiter directement avec Vladimir (Poutine), il a cru plus malin d’aller chercher appui chez ceux qui, en fait, étaient déjà dans l’insuffisance depuis qu’ils ont délégué leur défense à l’OTAN, donc aux États-Unis. Les Européens vont l’apprendre à leurs dépens : on ne fait pas la guerre quand on n’en a pas les moyens. Ce même monde ne pipe mot sur ce qui se passe au Soudan. C’est moins «intéressant». Deux généraux, n’en portant que le nom, se sont lancés dans une compétition militarisée pour prendre le pouvoir, quelques jours seulement après avoir signé un accord pour se le partager. Depuis, la situation a évolué. Chaque jour, des vies sont perdues, des femmes violées, et des millions de personnes n’ont plus que l’errance dans le désert comme refuge... Pour le monde occidental, peut-être — je précise bien, peut-être — il ne s’agit que d’Africains qui, pour la plupart, se croient Arabes, et qui s’entretuent. La guerre au Soudan, particulièrement dans la région du Darfour, reste l’un des conflits les plus dramatiques et meurtriers depuis son déclenchement en avril 2023. Cette guerre oppose principalement deux forces rivales : les Forces armées soudanaises (SAF), dirigées par Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, et les Forces de soutien rapide (FSR), menées par Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, dit « Hemedti », ancien chef des milices Janjaweed. Ces dernières, avec leurs milices arabes alliées, sont responsables de massacres massifs, notamment à l’encontre des populations massalit et d’autres groupes non arabes du Darfour. En fait, ceux qui se considèrent comme arabes tuent et chassent de leurs terres ceux qu’ils ne reconnaissent pas comme leurs semblables. La BBC vient de consacrer une enquête à ce sujet et a produit un documentaire qui interpelle la conscience collective, si, bien sûr, ce qui reste de conscience humaine prenait le temps de le voir. Le conflit est essentiellement une lutte de pouvoir entre les deux chefs militaires, qui avaient signé faut il le rappeler un pacte pour gouverner ensemble le pays. Le basculement dans les affrontements armés a été brutal et s’est étendu à plusieurs régions, notamment au Darfour, où les FSR et leurs alliés sont accusés de graves exactions. Les Janjaweed, milices se disant arabes auparavant soutenues par Omar El-Béchir, ancien président du Soudan, sont à nouveau actives sous la bannière des FSR, perpétrant des violences à caractère ethnique dont ils ne se cachent même pas. Sont également concernés dans l'affaire, le Mouvement de libération du Soudan (ALS/SLM), rebelles historiques du Darfour, fragmentée entre Minni Minnawi et Abdelwahid Mohamed al-Nur. Les massacres sont d’une ampleur terrifiante. Selon l’ONU, à Al-Geneina, capitale du Darfour occidental, entre 10 000 et 15 000 civils massalit ont été tués entre juin et novembre 2023 par les FSR et les milices arabes alliées. Plus largement, on compte plus de 150 000 morts en deux ans dans tout le Darfour, avec 13 millions de déplacés, soit la moitié de la population soudanaise, poussés au bord de la famine. Des ONG comme Médecins Sans Frontières alertent sur le risque imminent de massacres dans des villes comme El-Fasher, lourdement assiégée. Les violences comprennent également des destructions d’infrastructures civiles, écoles, mosquées. Les exactions sexuelles systématiques sont un autre aspect du massacre. Suite à une attaque meurtrière il y a quelques jours, Médecins Sans Frontières vient d’ailleurs de fermer le seul hôpital encore en fonction à Zalengei, chef-lieu de la région, rendant impossible toute activité médicale. Ce n’est pas le premier hôpital à fermer ainsi. Malgré les preuves abondantes de crimes de guerre et de crimes contre l’humanité, la réaction internationale reste largement inefficace. Si les États-Unis et l’ONU reconnaissent officiellement la gravité du génocide, leurs interventions directes et sanctions restent timides. L’Union africaine et l’ONU peinent à déployer des forces capables d’imposer la paix et de faire respecter le droit international. Les pays arabes, quant à eux, n’exercent aucune pression notable sur Hemedti ou Burhan, ce dernier jouant un rôle de poids au Soudan depuis longtemps. Ce silence est dénoncé comme une complicité par de nombreux observateurs, qui y voient une forme de racisme institutionnel dévalorisant les vies africaines, en particulier celles des populations massalit victimes des FSR. Le fait que Hemedti et ses alliés se réclament «arabes» en s’attaquant aux groupes dits «africains» contribue, selon certains, à l’indifférence des pays arabes, plus préoccupés par leurs dynamiques régionales que par les droits humains. Les organisations musulmanes internationales aussi n’ont pas non plus pris position avec force, malgré l’instrumentalisation fréquente des arguments religieux par les belligérants. Le conflit est également marqué par une contradiction religieuse profonde: le meurtre, l’injustice et la guerre entre musulmans sont formellement condamnés par l’islam, sauf en cas de légitime défense ou de lutte contre l’oppression. Or, les massacres perpétrés au Darfour sont régulièrement dénoncés comme contraires à ces principes par des intellectuels et leaders religieux musulmans, sans que ces condamnations aient un impact concret sur la violence. Le conflit a provoqué la plus grande crise humanitaire mondiale actuelle, avec les 13 millions de déplacées. L’accès aux soins, à la nourriture et aux abris, reste plus que limité. Les populations civiles vivent dans une insécurité extrême, prises dans des luttes ethniques et politiques instrumentalisées par des chefs de guerre assoiffés de pouvoir. La communauté internationale, les pays arabes et les acteurs musulmans semblent manquer à leurs responsabilités, laissant se perpétuer cette tragédie sous un silence inquiétant. Cet état de fait interroge non seulement la conscience collective mondiale, mais aussi la capacité réelle des institutions internationales à protéger les populations les plus vulnérables face à des violences d’une telle ampleur. La situation au Darfour et dans le reste du Soudan reste un cri d’alarme urgent à ne pas ignorer. L'espoir est que soit arrêtée au plus vite la guerre en Ukraine mais également au Soudan car là aussi se sont des générations innocentes qui paient le prix de la violence guerrière.
Aziz Daouda Aziz Daouda

Aziz Daouda

Directeur Technique et du Développement de la Confédération Africaine d'Athlétisme. Passionné du Maroc, passionné d'Afrique. Concerné par ce qui se passe, formulant mon point de vue quand j'en ai un. Humaniste, j'essaye de l'être, humain je veux l'être. Mon histoire est intimement liée à l'athlétisme marocain et mondial. J'ai eu le privilège de participer à la gloire de mon pays .


8100

33.0

Light Pollution and the End of the Construction of Imagination – Part 2 224

Julius Melien, 18 h.
Well, as I said in the previous article, I grew up and became a scientist. Not an astronomer, but a biologist. A biologist passionate about the stars. And many may ask: why didn’t you study astronomy? There are three reasons for that. The first is that I love biology. The second is that I was never good at mathematics. And the third is that I discovered that astronomers nowadays barely look at the sky. Telescopes work automatically, providing data to be analyzed later. That romantic astronomy of the past no longer exists. It was almost poetic, because imagination was the fuel for those scientists. Therefore, in cases like mine, it is much better to remain an amateur. This reminds me of a curious anecdote in which the writer Isaac Asimov is said to have refused an invitation to visit a factory where robots performed tasks on assembly lines, because he did not want to compromise his imagination. Returning to my story, when I was 21 years old, my father surprised me by taking me to a well-known store and buying a telescope. It was a relatively simple instrument, with a 60 mm aperture, but it allowed me to see the surface of the Moon perfectly, as well as Jupiter’s four largest moons and even Saturn’s rings. I don’t even need to say how I felt, do I? I became a child again! And that telescope is still here with me today, 30 years later. But here comes the bad part, which gives these two articles their title… Light pollution has reached extremely high levels, to the point that in large cities, when you look at the sky, you see very few stars, only the brightest ones. City lights have erased the night sky. What child today will look up at the sky and be enchanted by all that immensity? Who will feel themselves on the shores of the cosmic ocean, as Carl Sagan said in the first episode of the classic series Cosmos? How will imagination be built? In the same way, the inspiration of many poets and artists will be compromised. A child today, upon hearing stories of a time when the sky was filled with shining stars, might think that either the batteries ran out and no one replaced them, or that the bulbs burned out and no one changed them. It is still a child using their imagination, but without having experienced one of the most beautiful spectacles of creation. That spectacle is still there, happening, and it will continue to happen for a very, very long time. Or rather, as long as time exists, it will continue, but with a curtain separating the stage from the audience. Today there are movements and campaigns aimed at solving this issue, but I believe it is a great challenge to overcome. Until then, one alternative is to leave large urban centers and seek regions far away, at least 50 km from these cities, where one can truly enjoy the magical view of a clear and genuinely dark sky. I always wish clear skies to everyone, and ad astra!

CAF Sanctions: Disciplinary Justice with Variable Geometry? 440

Aziz Daouda, 1 d.
The decisions by the Confederation of African Football (CAF) Disciplinary Commission regarding the incidents that marred the CAN final between Senegal and Morocco are now known. They were awaited, scrutinized, sometimes feared. But beyond their mere announcement, it is their **coherence, proportionality, and equity** that raise questions today. At first glance, the CAF sought to strike hard, giving the impression of sanctioning both parties to preserve a posture of balance. The CAF simply forgot that at its core, the conflict was squarely between Senegal and the referee, not with the Moroccan team, and thus, in the end, pitted Senegal against this very same CAF, responsible for the organization and officiating. Senegal and Morocco have thus, according to the commission's logic, presided over by a Senegalese, let us recall, been sanctioned to varying degrees. Yet, a close reading of the facts, confronted with the very content of the decisions rendered, reveals an **asymmetry that is hard to justify** between the severity of the acts observed and the weight of the sanctions imposed. The ridiculous is not far off. The central problem, namely, the officiating, has simply been swept aside. The most troubling element undoubtedly lies in the **total absence of any reference to the referee** in the Commission's ruling. As if he had never existed. Yet, the images and testimonies align: in the final moments, the referee displayed **manifest irresponsibility**. How can one justify resuming play when the minimum safety conditions were clearly not met? The stadium had been invaded by official Senegalese supporters, equipment had been vandalized, and tensions were at a boiling point. In such circumstances, the rules are clear: absolute priority must be given to the safety of players, officials, and the public. By ignoring this dimension, the Disciplinary Commission misses an **essential link in the chain of responsibilities**. They are, however, clearly identified. This is not to fully exonerate the Moroccan side. Reprehensible behaviors existed, and some hot-headed reactions could have been avoided. But the nature and gravity of these acts remain **incommensurable** with those attributable to the Senegalese delegation and its immediate environment. The most striking example remains the sanction imposed on Achraf Hakimi. Reproaching him for attempting to remove a towel belonging to the Senegalese goalkeeper—an object that, incidentally, had no business on the pitch—smacks more of a **search for artificial balance** than rigorous application of disciplinary principles. Can one seriously equate this gesture with outbursts involving pitch invasions and infrastructure damage? This harms the image of world football, beyond just African football. The inclusion of such an amalgam in the dossier and the proportionality of the sanctions are manifestly debatable. It is precisely on the terrain of proportionality that the CAF's decision falters. The sanctions imposed on the Moroccan camp appear **relatively heavy** given the facts reproached to them, especially when compared to those concerning the Senegalese side, which was linked to structurally far graver incidents. This disproportion undermines the narrative of those in Senegal and elsewhere who decried Morocco's supposed "stranglehold" on CAF bodies. If such influence truly existed, how to explain that Morocco itself ends up heavily sanctioned? Where is this alleged institutional protection when the disciplinary decisions, on the contrary, seem applied with particular rigor against it? One can only regret the missed opportunity for the CAF to show a new face of power and justice. The CAF Disciplinary Commission squandered a precious chance: to **clarify responsibilities, reaffirm the central role of officiating, and lay credible foundations** for managing crises in African competitions. By opting for punitive symmetry rather than a fine analysis of the facts, it perpetuates unease, fuels suspicions, and leaves the game's actors—players, officials, and fans, in a gray zone where perceived injustice becomes more damaging than the sanction itself. African football deserves better than disciplinary justice with variable geometry. It deserves an authority capable of owning its choices, naming responsibilities where they truly lie, and protecting the essentials: the integrity of the game and the safety of those who bring it to life. Today, some chuckle under their breath for escaping truly proportional sanctions for their misdeeds; others are stunned; still others conclude the immaturity of this African body, like other continental instances. A pitiful image for a continent whose youth aspires to development and a bright future, with football and footballers as role models. Has African football missed the chance to set an example? Did the CAF issue the wrong communiqué or target the wrong match? In any case, there is one clear winner slipping under the radar: the party at the origin of it all. Like a fugitive, the commission released its statement at an impossible hour... Funny, no? One wonders whether to hold out hope and pursue the process further, or resign oneself to admitting there is no hope for a just and credible African football body.

Najib Salmi, a Conscience Fades, a Legacy Endures 451

Aziz Daouda, 1 d.
- History - Society - Sports -
2.4 min read.
Najib Salmi has passed away, and with him closes one of the most beautiful chapters of Moroccan sports journalism. But beyond the collective tribute, it's also an intimate page of my own life as a columnist, colleague, and friend that turns. He leaves behind an immense professional legacy and, above all, an indelible human imprint. He was undoubtedly the greatest pen in Moroccan sports for decades. For over forty years, Najib Salmi embodied a certain idea of sports journalism, one that was demanding and responsible. In fact, he founded a school of sports journalism, having stumbled into it somewhat by chance and grown to love it. A central figure at the daily *L’Opinion*, where he directed the sports page, he marked generations of readers, especially through his cult column "Les points sur les i" (*Dotting the i's*), a rare space where freedom of tone blended with intellectual rigor and a sense of the public interest. He was an institution in himself. He belonged to that generation for which sports journalism was neither empty entertainment nor a echo chamber for blind passions, but an act of public service. At a time when Moroccan sports was entering the era of professionalization, money, and excessive media coverage, his pen knew how to denounce excesses, pinpoint responsibilities, and salute, with the same honesty, real progress and achievements when they were genuine. Najib Salmi was not just a great columnist; he was also a builder. At the helm of the Moroccan Association of Sports Press from 1993 to 2009, he fought for the profession's recognition, the defense of its ethics, and the dignity of those who practice it. He helped embed Moroccan sports journalism in regional and international bodies, earning credibility through seriousness and consistency. Wasn't it at a congress he organized in Marrakech that our friend Gianni Merlo was elected president of AIPS? Wasn't it he alone who headlined young prodigy Said Aouita after he set a new national 1500m record? He rightly predicted that Aouita would go far. He was the unwavering supporter of generations of great athletes. He attended every world championship and Olympic Games. He supported me too, with strength and determination. A man of principles, discreet but inflexible on essentials, he believed that respect for the reader and the truthfulness of information were non-negotiable. This moral uprightness, rare in an environment often subject to pressures and interests, earned him recognition from his peers as a true school of sports journalism. Abdellatif Semlali, the legendary Minister of Youth and Sports and his friend, delighted in calling him "Monsieur à côté" (*The Man on the Side*). He truly was. He never fit anyone else's mold, even during a brief stint at *Le Matin du Sahara*, then masterfully directed by Moulay Ahmed Alaoui. For me, Najib Salmi was more than a professional reference; he was a friend, a brother, and a mentor. It was thanks to his trust that I was able to write for years in *L’Opinion*'s sports pages, learning the craft day by day, line by line, under his attentive and benevolent gaze, enduring his mood swings and, above all, his corrections to style and syntax. He passed on to me more than writing techniques: a vision of what a column should be, rooted in integrity, thorough groundwork, and a rejection of shortcuts. Even today, if I continue to write, it's also because that inner voice he helped instill remains, the one that reminds us not to betray sport, the reader, or the truth. Najib Salmi passed away at the age of 78, after a long battle with illness, leaving an immense void in the newsrooms of *L’Opinion* and *Challenge*, to which he contributed with strength and diligence. He leaves a huge void in the hearts of all who crossed his path. He will rest in the Chouhada Cemetery in Rabat, where he himself had accompanied so many other friends, acquaintances, loved ones, and colleagues, and many who grew up under the benevolent shadow of his pen. May God welcome him in His mercy. To the friend, the brother, the master who showed me the way, I can say only one thing: thank you, Najib, for the delightful moments shared, for the words, the lessons, and the example. Readers will miss Najib Salmi; the family, the inner circle, and I will bury Said Hejaj. Said Hejaj departs peacefully to rest. Najib Salmi will live on in history.

From Passion to Meaning: The CAN as a Test of Truth for Africanity... 455

Aziz Daouda, 1 d.
The Royal Cabinet's communiqué, published on January 22, 2026, following the CAN 2025 brilliantly hosted by Morocco, combines a call for calm after the Senegalese withdrawal episode with a celebration of an organizational success hailed across Africa and beyond. Through a measured and forward-looking tone, it transforms a sports tension into a demonstration of responsible continental leadership, faithful to a long-term vision for a united and prosperous Africa. Through the tone and content of the royal message, we understand that once the passion subsides, inter-African fraternity will naturally prevail: Morocco's success is also Africa's success. The CAN 2025 confirmed Morocco's ability to turn a continental tournament into a lever for development and influence. The smooth organization, modernized infrastructure, massive influx of supporters, and revitalization of key sectors such as tourism, transport, commerce, and services generated billions of dirhams in returns and around 100,000 direct and indirect jobs, with over 3,000 companies mobilized and some 500,000 supporters transported by Royal Air Maroc. The royal message places this success within a broader trajectory: that of a "great African country" which, in twenty-four months, has gained the equivalent of a decade of development in infrastructure and expertise, in service of its people and its continent. Without overlooking the "unfortunate" nature of the incidents in the Morocco-Senegal final, the communiqué opts for elevation over controversy. By recalling that once the passion has calmed, "inter-African fraternity will naturally prevail," it offers a mature reading of collective emotions and emphasizes that the Moroccan people "know how to put things in perspective" and reject resentment. The sports defeat thus turns into a symbolic and diplomatic victory: "hostile designs" and denigration are neutralized by strategic consistency, self-confidence, and the Kingdom's African anchoring. The Moroccan public in the stadium witnessed a grotesque tragedy, deliberately and premeditatedly staged, but was not fooled. They quickly understood, kept their calm and composure despite being deeply wounded. A noted and remarkable behavior that honors them and honors the Kingdom. In practice, as in history, Morocco-Senegal relations are imbued with a consolidated fraternity, strengthened on every occasion. The royal message thus takes on particular significance toward this brother country, with which relations are described as "exceptional and strategic," founded on shared memory, assumed African solidarity, deep religious fraternity, and strong economic convergences. The holding, on January 26 and 27 in Rabat, of the 15th Morocco-Senegal Joint High Commission, accompanied by an economic forum, gives concrete content to this resilient fraternity by relaunching investments, joint projects, and South-South cooperation in service of the two peoples and, by extension, all those in the region. Beyond the finalists, the communiqué addresses all African peoples by recalling that "nothing can alter the proximity cultivated over centuries" nor the "fruitful cooperation" forged with countries on the continent. It situates the CAN 2025 within a long-term strategy: capitalizing on intangible capital made of trust, visibility, and credibility, and using it as a springboard toward upcoming events, notably the 2030 World Cup, in an Africa that assumes its place on the world stage, seeks to establish it through continuity, and consolidate it. In this spirit, it is essential to reject deviations, racism, hate speech, media or ideological manipulations, from tarnishing our Africanity or denying its profound dignity. Being African means first sharing a geography, a history, cultures, struggles, and a common destiny, beyond borders, sports results, or political contingencies. We are not condemned to reproduce stupidity and hostility; on the contrary, we have the collective responsibility to make public space a place of encounter, listening, and fraternization, where intelligence, unconditional respect for human dignity, and curiosity about the other prevail over insult and stigmatization. In the straight line of the royal message, this CAN must remain a reminder: our African future will not be built in hatred or by imitating the worst reflexes, but in the ability to transform tensions into learning, competitions into bridges, and disagreements into opportunities for dialogue. We are Africans, together, through memory and through the future, and it is this shared consciousness that can make our stadiums, our cities, and our debates spaces of elevation rather than scenes of division. Attempts at destabilization orchestrated by some may, at best, cloud the horizon for the duration of a competition, but they cannot sustainably embed themselves in the consciousness of peoples. As facts emerge, they turn against their authors, now exposed to the world's gaze, unable to indefinitely mask their failures, the poverty of their mindset, and the pettiness of their designs. Where manipulation exhausts itself, truth always ends up prevailing, and with it the dignity of nations that bet on construction, fraternity, and the future rather than on intrigue and division.